My mother has Alzheimer's and I am also a professional dementia carer.
Firstly let me say i know how difficult your situation is: respite care or a home may be a helpful. my mother is now in a home and is much happier being there.
Regarding wandering and trying to 'escape': I realize it may seem counter-intuitive but your fathers feeling of well being is actually more important than his 'causing disturbance' - so let him go out, keep with him or have a stay carer with him, put a gps tracking device on him and allow him to stay safe and happy in the world he is now living in.
He is getting upset because he is suddenly being imprisoned and he doesn't understand why. It is actually quite a reasonable response.
Are you locking the door? Do you a have deprivation of liberty order given to you by the court of protection regarding your father? I ask because there is now a legal president which states you cannot deprive a person of liberty (i.e. leaving a room/ house) without special court permission.
My mother has started wandering, which was extremely dangerous, so we simply got her a GPS tracking necklace and GPS shoe. Expensive, but now she cant get lost and we, and her home, always know exactly where she is.
I really recommend a book called 'contented dementia'. This book is a revolutionary way of dealing with Alzheimers which will change you and your fathers life. using it you follow some basic rules which always help: never disagree, ask no questions and give no bad news.
When a loved one gets dementia we generally try to reason with them and protect them by trying to keep them within the confines of normal behavior. Both these strategies tend to fail. The loved one gets more and more aggressive and we become exhausted and exasperated.
The trick is to enter their world and gently move things or change things around them so that wherever they are going, or whatever they are doing, in that world they remain safe.
This might seem impossible at first but it is actually quite simple. If you father goes for a night time wander with a carer in tow he will be perfectly safe and also not get so angry or upset, this will make the world feel safer for him: he is living in a confusing world which often feel scary. You can make it safe by helping him live moment to moment in a world where nothing upsetting happens for him (he has no coping skills for upsetting things happening any more, he cannot adapt, so you have to adapt instead).
This kind of strategy can change you from having an angry, destructive, violent parent to having a happy, calm engaged parent.
Which ever route you take i really wish you all the best