We didn't need Javier Bardem's Captain Salazar to actually say the line "dead men tell no tales" before the opening credits to get where the phrase came from. It was previously spoken in the original theme park ride and heard in the original movie (courtesy of a parrot) as well as the third film, At World's End, uttered during a voiceover moment in a transition scene.
Meanwhile, anyone who's been hungering for some old school Johnny Depp swagger should be pleased with this film's extended glimpse of the swashbuckler in his younger days. Thanks to Captain Salazar, we learn exactly where, when, and how the Captain got his name: he defeated Salazar's squad by having them steer into the Devil's Triangle to be obliterated, and looked like a sparrow upon first taking command of his ship and the compass.
We also learn where he got all his odd accessories. After killing Salazar, who'd been on a mission to destroy every pirate ship in the sea, Sparrow's new crew offered him his signature beads and hat, among other items of booty, as a tribute for his conquest. And thus his famed fashion sense was born.